Archives Medical Review Journal

Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi (Archives Medical Review Journal)  is the one of the official journals of Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine . The journal publishes review articles relevant to all medical sciences (i.e general medicine, basic medical sciences, surgical sciences) in Turkish or  English. The journal accepts articles on not only current subjects but also on classical subjects to become an educational source for all medical residents, specialists and related professionals.   The journal is currently published quarterly (four issues) comprising one volume per year.

Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi (Archives Medical Review Journal)  is the one of the official journals of Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine . The journal publishes review articles relevant to all medical sciences (i.e general medicine, basic medical sciences, surgical sciences) in Turkish or  English. The journal accepts articles on not only current subjects but also on classical subjects to become an educational source for all medical residents, specialists and related professionals.   The journal is currently published quarterly (four issues) comprising one volume per year.

This is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access. 

Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi (Archives Medical Review Journal)  is the one of the official journals of Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine . The journal publishes review articles relevant to all medical sciences (i.e general medicine, basic medical sciences, surgical sciences) in Turkish or  English. The journal accepts articles on not only current subjects but also on classical subjects to become an educational source for all medical residents, specialists and related professionals.  

The journal is currently published quarterly (four issues) comprising one volume per year.  All manuscripts should be submitted via dergipark online submission system thorough https://dergipark.org.tr/aktd/ .  All other correspondences  should be addressed to  Editor-in-Chief (Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi (Archives Medical Review Journal) via e-mail  editoraktd@cu.edu.tr.

This is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access. 

MANUSCRIPT EVALUATION

 As a first step, manuscripts received are evaluated with regards to the instructions to authors. The approved articles are delivered to Editorial Board. The Editorial Board evaluates the context of articles and sends them to two referees in related fields.  A final review and a subsequent decision relative to publication will then be made by the editor. The articles which are accepted by the Editorial Board, come in the list of publication and the authors of these articles are informed.

This journal uses double-blind peer review, which means that both the reviewer and author identities are concealed from the reviewers, and vice versa, throughout the review process. To facilitate this, authors need to ensure that their manuscripts are prepared in a way that does not give away their identity.

All manuscripts submitted are checked for plagiarism with Ithenticate software to ensure the originality, and to detect instances of overlapping and similar text in submitted manuscripts .

GENERAL POLICIES

The work in the submitted manuscripts must have been carried out in accordance with  The Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki) for experiments involving humans  http://www.wma.net/en/30publications/10policies/b3/index.html; EU Directive 2010/63/EU for animal experiments  http://ec.europa.eu/environment/chemicals/lab_animals/legislation_en.htm; Uniform Requirements for manuscripts submitted to Biomedical journals http://www.icmje.org.  This must be stated at an appropriate point in the article. Please read these Requirements first, then read our complementing guidelines given below. 

 The manuscript should be sent to the Journal with a Cover Letter which should indicate the name, signature, institution, correspondence address, phone and fax numbers, and e-mail address (if available) of the author (corresponding author) who is authorized to receive galley proofs. An Author’s Form, indicating the contributions of the authors and co-authors to the manuscript, (authorship credits being defined as in the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals) copyright transfer, and acknowledgments, will be attached to the cover letter.

 Only previously unpublished works should be submitted; all text including the solicited material, is subject to editorial review and revision. Manuscripts become the property of the Journal and may not be published elsewhere without the written permission from the editor. The Journal will not consider manuscripts that have appeared in other publications, nor will it consider differently written reports of previously published studies, updates of previously published studies that add small amounts of data or numbers of patients, or slightly different studies of a patient pool that has been described earlier (Exceptions for the above rules are manuscripts published in another language other than English or manuscripts published in the Proceedings of any meeting.) If an author is unsure whether specific printed material comprises prior or repetitive publication, he or she should alert the Editor in the transmittal letter and include copies of the publications in question. The authors should also pay utmost attention to stay away from any form of plagiarism.

Responsibilities of the Authors

By submitting a manuscript for publication, each author acknowledges having made a substantial contribution in the conception and design of the study, the analysis and interpretation of the results, and the writing of the paper, and has approved the final submitted version of the paper. Each author thus also acknowledges responsibility for the integrity of the manuscript, assures the originality of the manuscript, and guarantees that duplicate or redundant publications or submissions have not occurred. The Editors reserve the right to request the original data obtained in the investigation. The Editors also reserve the right to edit all material submitted for publication. Authors are responsible for all statements made in the text.

Manuscript Submission

These instructions are based in part on recommendations in the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journal [Ann. Intern. Med. 1997; 126:36-47]. Variations from guidelines in this publication reflect the individual style of Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi (Archives Medical Review Journal). 

The authors should:

Submit an electronic version of text (as a MS WORD document),unlabeled and labeled images (as JPEG files).

Prepare a copyright transfer form signed by all authors. You may reach the from during submission phases in the web. 

Organize the manuscript as follows:

1. Title page,
2. Abstract,
3. Introduction,
4. Main review text block,
5. Conclusion,
6. Acknowledgments,
7. References,
8. Figure legends, and Tables.

Keep acronyms and abbreviations to a minimum. When an abbreviation is used, define it at first mention and follow with the abbreviation in parentheses.

Categories of Submission

Review Articles

The author(s) is free to design the paper. There is no limitation in the page number in this category. However the manuscipt should include a  maximum number of 6000 words. Longer articles could also be admitted at the discretion of editors. References, figures, and legends follow the guidelines described below. The Abstract section is needed.

Title Page. The following information should appear: title of article; authors’ name, and last name; affiliations, grant support, and presentation in part or whole at any meeting. Identify the corresponding author and provide full mailing address, phone and fax numbers, and e-mail address. 

Abstract. The abstract should be provide both in English and in Turkish  and should include not more than 250 words. It should describe the essential aspects of the paper. No references should be cited. Five keywords should be provided. 

Introduction. Include brief background information on the subject. The gain of this review article to the literature may be described as a last sentence. 

Main Review Text Block. This section may be divided into subsections if it facilitates reading the paper. If tables and graphic material will ease the understanding of the review, include them. In appropriate place, cite figures and graphs. 

Conclusion. In a separate section, summarize the major points of the review. 

Acknowledgments. 

Acknowledgments should appear on a separate page.

References. 

1. There is no limit on the number of references.
2. Section must begin on a separate page.
3. References are numbered consecutively in the order in which they appear in the text.
4. All references must be cited in as superscript without parantheses in the text and located before full stop.
5. Papers submitted but not yet accepted for publication should not be cited in the text.
6. Inclusive page numbers (e.g., 491-2) must be provided for all references.
7. Journal names should be abbreviated according to MeSH.
8. Up to six authors should be listed in references. If the number of authors is more than six, then the first six authors should be listed and “et al.” term should be added

Style and punctuation of references

Journal article. [Reference number] Tunc O, Yucel B, Macit E, Gunal A, Gozubuyuk A, Gul H et al. Protective efficiacy of taurine against pulmonary edema progression: experimental study. J Cardiothorac Surg. 2008;28:57-9.

Book. [Reference number] Noback CR, Demarest RJ. The Human Nervous System, 2nd Ed. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1975.

Edited book. [Reference number] Phillips MK, Gain P. Hypertension and stroke. In Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Management, 2nd ed (Eds JH Laragh, BM Brenner):495-8. London, Ran Press, 1985.

URL (Web Page). [Reference number] Stern M. Radial nerve entrapment. http://www.emedicine.com/orthoped/topic549.htm (accessed Dec 2005).

Format: Author, if available. Title of page as listed on the site. Address of page (date accessed). Available from web site. 

Tables.

1. Each table should be given on a separate page.
2. Each table has a short, descriptive title.
3. Tables are numbered in the order cited in the text.
4. Abbreviations are defined as footnotes at the bottom of each table.
5. Tables should not duplicate data given in the text or figures.

Figures and Legends.

The complete sets of original figures must be submitted. Legends should be in the present tense (e.g., ‘Illustration shows ...’). Subjects’ names must not appear on the figures. Labels should contrast well with the background. Images should be uniform in size and magnification. Illustrations should be free of all identifying information relative to the subject and institution. Line drawings should be professional in quality. Written permission for use of all previously published illustrations must be included with submission, and the source should be referenced in the legends. Written permission from any person recognizable in a photo is required. Legends must be double spaced, and figures are numbered in the order cited in the text. Submit color prints only if color is essential in understanding the material presented. Label all pertinent findings.

Original Articles and Case Reports 
Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi (Archives Medical Review Journal) does not accept original articles or case reports for publication. For such articles, please consider our sister publication, Cukurova Medical Journal via online web site dergipark.org.tr/cumj 


Letters to the Editor
Letters to the Editor may be used to describe in an extremely brief manner either an observation of interest to our readers, an opinion relative to the Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi (Archives Medical Review Journal), or constructive observations or criticisms of published material. Letters should be no more than two pages and should be submitted with a brief title. A maximum of four references may be included. Letters are published at the discretion of the journal and are subject to editing.

Publication Ethics and Publication Malpractice Statement

The publication of an article in a peer reviewed journal is an essential model for our journal Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi (Archives Medical Review Journal)
It is necessary to agree upon standards of expected ethical behavior for all parties involved in the act of publishing: the author, the journal editor, the peer reviewer and the publisher.
Our ethics statements are based on COPE’s Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors.

Publication decisions

The editor  is responsible for deciding which of the articles submitted to the journal should be published.
The editor may be guided by the policies of the journal's editorial board and constrained by such legal requirements as shall then be in force regarding libel, copyright infringement and plagiarism. The editor may confer with other editors or reviewers in making this decision.

Fair play

An editor at any time evaluate manuscripts for their intellectual content without regard to race, gender, sexual orientation, religious belief, ethnic origin, citizenship, or political philosophy of the authors.

Confidentiality

The editor and any editorial staff must not disclose any information about a submitted manuscript to anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, other editorial advisers, and the publisher, as appropriate.

Disclosure and conflicts of interest

Unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted manuscript must not be used in an editor's own research without the express written consent of the author.

Duties of Reviewers

Contribution to Editorial Decisions

Peer review assists the editor in making editorial decisions and through the editorial communications with the author may also assist the author in improving the paper.

Promptness

Any selected referee who feels unqualified to review the research reported in a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.

Confidentiality

Any manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents. They must not be shown to or discussed with others except as authorized by the editor.

Standards of Objectivity

Reviews should be conducted objectively. Personal criticism of the author is inappropriate. Referees should express their views clearly with supporting arguments.

Acknowledgement of Sources

Reviewers should identify relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors. Any statement that an observation, derivation, or argument had been previously reported should be accompanied by the relevant citation. A reviewer should also call to the editor's attention any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under consideration and any other published paper of which they have personal knowledge.

Disclosure and Conflict of Interest

Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage. Reviewers should not consider manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any of the authors, companies, or institutions connected to the papers.

Duties of Authors

Reporting standards

Authors of reports of original research should present an accurate account of the work performed as well as an objective discussion of its significance. Underlying data should be represented accurately in the paper. A paper should contain sufficient detail and references to permit others to replicate the work. Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements constitute unethical behavior and are unacceptable.

Data Access and Retention

Authors are asked to provide the raw data in connection with a paper for editorial review, and should be prepared to provide public access to such data (consistent with the ALPSP-STM Statement on Data and Databases), if practicable, and should in any event be prepared to retain such data for a reasonable time after publication.

Originality and Plagiarism

The authors should ensure that they have written entirely original works, and if the authors have used the work and/or words of others that this has been appropriately cited or quoted.

Multiple, Redundant or Concurrent Publication

An author should not in general publish manuscripts describing essentially the same research in more than one journal or primary publication. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently constitutes unethical publishing behaviour and is unacceptable.

Acknowledgement of Sources

Proper acknowledgment of the work of others must always be given. Authors should cite publications that have been influential in determining the nature of the reported work.

Authorship of the Paper

Authorship should be limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the reported study. All those who have made significant contributions should be listed as co-authors. Where there are others who have participated in certain substantive aspects of the research project, they should be acknowledged or listed as contributors.

The corresponding author should ensure that all appropriate co-authors and no inappropriate co-authors are included on the paper, and that all co-authors have seen and approved the final version of the paper and have agreed to its submission for publication.

Hazards and Human or Animal Subjects

If the work involves chemicals, procedures or equipment that have any unusual hazards inherent in their use, the author must clearly identify these in the manuscript.

Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest

All authors should disclose in their manuscript any financial or other substantive conflict of interest that might be construed to influence the results or interpretation of their manuscript. All sources of financial support for the project should be disclosed.

Fundamental errors in published works

When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her own published work, it is the author’s obligation to promptly notify the journal editor or publisher and cooperate with the editor to retract or correct the paper.

CC License

Archives Medical Review Journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC-BY-NC-ND).

Ethical Responsibilities Expected from Authors Submitting Work to Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi

Authors submitting work to *Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi* are expected to adhere to the following ethical responsibilities:

The publication processes applied by *Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi* form the basis for the unbiased and reputable development and dissemination of knowledge. The processes implemented in this direction directly reflect the quality of the authors' work and the institutions supporting them. Peer-reviewed studies embody and support the scientific method. At this point, it is essential for all stakeholders (authors, readers and researchers, publishers, reviewers, and editors) to comply with ethical principles and standards. Within the scope of publication ethics, *Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi* expects all stakeholders to uphold the following ethical responsibilities.

- The submitted work is expected to be original. If authors benefit from or use other works, they must cite and/or quote them completely and accurately.
- Individuals who did not contribute intellectually to the content of the work should not be listed as authors.
- Any potential conflicts of interest or relationships that may constitute a conflict of interest must be disclosed for all submitted works intended for publication.
- Authors may be requested to provide raw data related to their articles within the framework of evaluation processes. In such cases, authors should be prepared to submit the requested data and information to the editorial board and scientific committee.
- Authors must have the necessary rights to use the data, permissions related to the research/analyses, or documented consent from experimental subjects.
- If authors identify any errors or inaccuracies in their published, early-view, or under-review work, they are obligated to inform the journal editor or publisher, cooperate in corrections or retractions, and collaborate with the editor.
- Authors cannot submit their work to the evaluation processes of multiple journals simultaneously. Each submission can only be initiated after the previous submission is completed. A study published in another journal cannot be submitted to *Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi*.
- Changes to author responsibilities (such as adding an author, changing the author order, or removing an author) cannot be proposed after the evaluation process has begun.

Ethical Duties and Responsibilities of Editors

The editors and field editors of *Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi* must adhere to the following ethical duties and responsibilities based on the open-access guidelines published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE): *"COPE Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors"* and *"COPE Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors."*

General Duties and Responsibilities

Editors are responsible for every publication in *Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi*. In this context, editors bear the following roles and obligations:

- Striving to meet the information needs of readers and authors,
- Ensuring the continuous development of the journal,
- Managing processes to improve the quality of published works,
- Supporting freedom of thought,
- Maintaining academic integrity,
- Conducting business processes without compromising intellectual property rights and ethical standards,
- Demonstrating transparency and clarity in publishing matters requiring corrections or explanations.

Relations with Readers

Editors must consider the knowledge, skills, and experience expectations of all readers, researchers, and practitioners when making decisions. They should ensure that published works contribute to readers, researchers, practitioners, and the scientific literature while maintaining originality. Additionally, editors are obligated to consider feedback from readers, researchers, and practitioners and provide explanatory and informative responses.

Relations with Authors

Editors' duties and responsibilities toward authors are as follows:

- Editors should make positive or negative decisions based on the importance, originality, validity, clarity of expression, and alignment with the journal's aims and objectives.
- They should proceed with the preliminary evaluation of works within the journal's scope unless there is a serious issue.
- Editors should not disregard favorable reviewer recommendations unless there is a serious problem with the work.
- New editors should not change decisions made by previous editor(s) unless there is a serious issue.
- The *"Double-Blind Peer Review and Evaluation Process"* must be strictly followed, and editors should prevent deviations from defined processes.
- Authors should be provided with explanatory and informative notifications and feedback.

Relations with Reviewers

Editors' duties and responsibilities toward reviewers are as follows:

- Selecting reviewers appropriate to the subject of the work,
- Providing reviewers with necessary information and guidance for the evaluation stage,
- Monitoring potential conflicts of interest between authors and reviewers,
- Maintaining the confidentiality of reviewers' identities under the double-blind peer review system,
- Encouraging reviewers to evaluate works impartially, scientifically, and objectively,
- Establishing practices and policies to enhance reviewer performance,
- Taking necessary steps to dynamically update the reviewer pool,
- Preventing discourteous and unscientific evaluations,
- Expanding the reviewer pool to include a broad range of perspectives.

Relations with the Editorial Board

Editors must ensure that all editorial board members follow processes in line with publication policies and guidelines. They should inform editorial board members about publication policies and keep them updated on developments. Additionally, editors should:

- Ensure that editorial board members evaluate works impartially and independently,
- Appoint new editorial board members who are qualified and can contribute,
- Assign works to editorial board members according to their expertise,
- Maintain regular interaction with the editorial board,
- Organize periodic meetings with the editorial board to discuss publication policies and journal development.

 Relations with the Publisher and Journal Owner

The relationship between editors and the publisher is based on the principle of editorial independence. As per the written agreement between editors and the publisher, all decisions made by editors are independent of the publisher and journal owner.

 Editorial and Double-Blind Peer Review Processes

Editors are responsible for implementing the *"Blind Peer Review and Evaluation Process"* policies outlined in the journal's publication policies. In this context, editors ensure that each work undergoes a fair, impartial, and timely evaluation process.

Quality Assurance

Editors are responsible for ensuring that every article published in the journal complies with the journal's publication policies and international standards.

 Protection of Personal Data

Editors must ensure the protection of personal data regarding subjects or images in evaluated works. They are obligated to reject works if explicit consent from individuals involved is not documented. Additionally, editors are responsible for protecting the personal data of authors, reviewers, and readers.

 Ethics Committee, Human and Animal Rights

Editors must ensure the protection of human and animal rights in evaluated works. They are responsible for rejecting works lacking ethics committee approval for human subjects or experimental research permissions. Since our journal publishes review articles, ethics committee approval is not required.

Measures Against Possible Abuse and Misconduct

Editors are responsible for taking measures against possible abuse and misconduct. This includes conducting a meticulous and objective investigation into complaints and sharing findings related to the issue.

Ensuring Academic Publication Integrity

Editors must ensure the prompt correction of errors, inconsistencies, or misleading judgments in published works.

Protection of Intellectual Property Rights

Editors are responsible for protecting the intellectual property rights of all published articles and defending the rights of the journal and authors in case of violations. They must also take necessary measures to ensure that content in published articles does not infringe on the intellectual property rights of other publications.

 Constructiveness and Openness to Discussion

Editors should:

- Consider persuasive criticisms of works published in the journal and adopt a constructive attitude toward such criticisms,
- Allow authors of criticized works the right to respond,
- Not disregard or exclude studies with negative results.

Complaints

Editors are obligated to carefully examine complaints from authors, reviewers, or readers and respond in an enlightening and explanatory manner.

Political and Commercial Concerns

The journal owner, publisher, or any other political or commercial entity does not influence the independent decision-making of editors.

Conflicts of Interest

Editors must consider conflicts of interest among authors, reviewers, and other editors to ensure the publication process is completed independently and impartially.

Ethical Responsibilities of Reviewers

The evaluation of all works through *"Double-Blind Peer Review"* directly impacts publication quality. This process ensures objectivity and independence in evaluation, fostering trust. The evaluation process of *Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi* is conducted under the double-blind peer review principle. Reviewers cannot communicate directly with authors; evaluations and comments are conveyed through the journal management system. In this process, reviewer comments on evaluation forms and full texts are transmitted to the author(s) via the editor. In this context, reviewers evaluating works for *Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi* are expected to adhere to the following ethical responsibilities:

- Only accept to evaluate works within their field of expertise,
- Conduct evaluations impartially and confidentially,
- If they suspect a conflict of interest during the evaluation process, they should decline to review the work and inform the journal editor,
- Due to confidentiality principles, they must destroy the reviewed works after the evaluation process. They may only use the final versions of reviewed works after publication,
- Evaluate objectively, focusing solely on the content of the work. They should not allow nationality, gender, religious beliefs, political views, or commercial concerns to influence the evaluation,
- Conduct evaluations in a constructive and courteous manner, avoiding hostile, slanderous, or derogatory personal remarks,
- Complete evaluations of accepted works in a timely manner and in accordance with the above ethical responsibilities.

Ethical Responsibilities of the Publisher

The Editors and Editorial Board of *Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi* act with awareness of the following ethical responsibilities:

- Editors are responsible for all processes of works submitted to *Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi*. Decisions are made independently, without regard to economic or political gains,
- They commit to ensuring independent editorial decisions,
- They protect the ownership and copyright of every article published in *Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi* and undertake the obligation to retain records of every published copy,
- They are responsible for taking measures against scientific misconduct, citation manipulation, and plagiarism.

 If You Encounter an Unethical Situation

If you encounter any unethical behavior or content beyond the ethical responsibilities mentioned above in *Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi*, please report it via email to **editorcutf@cu.edu.tr**.

 Fee Policy

*Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi* does not charge any fees for submission, evaluation, acceptance, printing, or publication processes.

Article Evaluation Time

The evaluation process for articles submitted to *Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi* is aimed to be completed within **8 to 12 weeks**. In exceptional cases, this period may be extended.

Correction and Withdrawal Processes

Articles submitted to *Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi* cannot be withdrawn after the peer review process has begun or if they have been submitted to another journal. Authors may withdraw their articles if the peer review process has not yet started by submitting a petition to the journal editors stating their request for withdrawal. Unless the withdrawal request is approved by the editorial board, authors cannot submit their articles to another journal for evaluation.

Corrections, Withdrawals, and "Expressions of Concern"

Editors assume that authors initially base their work on honest observations. If articles require corrections for typographical or formatting errors, corrections are listed on a numbered page in the table of contents. They include original citations and are linked to the original article (similarly for online versions). If scientific misconduct is identified, the journal publishes a withdrawal notice.

As an alternative to withdrawal, the editor may choose to publish an "expression of concern" regarding the integrity or formation of the work.

Withdrawals or expressions of concern appear in a prominent section of the journal on a numbered page, listed in the table of contents, and include the original article's title in the introduction. The withdrawal text explains the reason for retraction.

There is no article submission, processing or publication charges in this journal. No fees are requested from the authors during submission, evaluation and publication process.